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An important voice in the angel investing world, Luis Villalobos has contributed a practical new term--"valuation divergence"--that focuses on a little understood fact of angel investing: Returns on investments in a company do not increase in direct proportion to the company's market valuation. Entrepreneurs and investors alike will benefit from a better understanding of this concept.
Numerous factors affect how angels value a company. Primary are the strength of the management team and the size of the opportunity, or a company's potential to scale. Accompanying this article is a valuation worksheet that entrepreneurs can use to better understand what investors look for and to identify factors that can justify higher pre-money valuations. Investors will find it useful to compare companies and determine whether valuation should be higher or lower.
Valuation negotiations between entrepreneurs and investors are often contentious. Such valuations rarely stray from the $1 million to $3 million range for seed/startup companies that angels expect to grow to $50 million to $100 million over five to eight years. Angels are most concerned about the management team's ability to rapidly grow the company and about helping the entrepreneur achieve these growth objectives.
As details regarding executive pay packages become more and more public, the best leaders are opting to make career choices that keep them out of the spotlight. This entrepreneur offers creative tips for finding and compensating the best executives in today's global marketplace.
Buyers and sellers of companies have different reasons for getting together.
Bradmer Pharmaceuticals, an American biotech company, chose to use the Toronto Venture Exchange's Capital Pool Company Program to raise cash in the public markets. The author shares his experience making the decision to list in the CPC program and his lessons learned.
London's Alternative Investment Market (AIM) is a credible alternative for U.S. companies looking for a market listing. As with any approach to IPO, U.S. companies should research AIM's advantages and disadvantages for listing compared with U.S. stock markets.
Entrepreneurs looking for seed capital should consider Toronto TSX Venture Exchange's Capital Pool Company (CPC) program, which allows companies to go public by merging with a CPC.
PIPES-or Private Investment in Public Equity-as a vehicle for companies to raise capital reverses the order of public filings from IPO or secondary offering. PIPES are a worthy alternative for raising public money but should be used selectively.
Terry Bruggeman shares the tale of leading his life sciences company through the decision to obtain capital. After exploring the funding options, including VC and IPO, Bruggeman and his team decide to undertake a reverse merger.
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